Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana nui o nā seramika pale lole -e ko lākou mau ʻāpana kumu, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hana a me nā hiʻohiʻona noi. Penei nā kikoʻī:
1. Alumina Ceramics (Mainstream in the Market)
Me ka alumina e like me ka mea nui, hoʻomalu lākou i ka mākeke ma muli o ka hana kumu kūʻai maikaʻi loa. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o Rockwell ma luna o HRA85-90, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou pale ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ma mua o ke kila manganese. Ke hōʻike nei i nā waiwai kemika paʻa a me ke kūʻē ʻana i nā waikawa, alkalis, a me ka corrosion, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 1600 degere, e kūpono ana iā lākou no ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa e like me ka mining, cement, a me nā ʻoihana mana. Loaʻa nā ʻano huahana maʻamau i nā liner/pepa, nā paipu, a me nā pono paipu.
2. Silicon Carbide Ceramics
ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o kā lākou hana i nā kūlana hana koʻikoʻi, me ka ʻoi aʻe o ka paʻakikī a me ka -e pale wela kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā alumina ceramics. ʻOi lākou i ka -abrasion kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-mehana, a me nā hiʻohiʻona me ka hopena ikaika a me ka -wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe (e laʻa, kiʻekiʻe-ka lawe pauda, kiʻekiʻe-mahanahana kinoea kinoea). Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia mau huahana i hui pū ʻia a i ʻole nā mea ʻaʻahu kūpono ʻole{10}}kūpono.
3. Zirconia Ceramics
Hoʻohui lākou i ke kūpale ʻaʻahu me kekahi pae o ka ʻoʻoleʻa, a loaʻa iā lākou nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻemaʻe, -ʻona, a me ka insulation, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā koi kuʻuna -kūpono. Ma waho aʻe o ka pale ʻoihana, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i nā kahua kiʻekiʻe -e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau (joints), ʻāpana ʻenekini kaʻa, a me nā ʻāpana uila kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻololi ana i ka -maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a{6}}kiʻekiʻe ke kūlana hana.
